India’s New Paper COVID-19 Test.
                     India’s New Paper 
COVID-19 Test
INTRODUCTION
Project analysis slide 11
• A team of scientists in India has 
developed an inexpensive paper-based 
test for coronavirus that could give fast 
results similar to a pregnancy test. 
Source: www.csir.res.in/
PAPER-BASED TEST 
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• The test, named after a famous Indian 
fictional detective, is based on a gene-
editing technology called Crispr. 
• Scientists estimate that the kit - called 
Feluda - would return results in under an 
hour and cost 500 rupees (about $6.75; 
£5.25).
Source: www.csir.res.in/
TEST ON SAMPLES 
Project analysis slide 11
• Researchers at the Delhi-based CSIR-
Institute of Genomics and Integrative 
Biology (IGIB), where Feluda was 
developed, as well as private labs, tried 
out the test on samples from about 
2,000 patients, including ones who had 
already tested positive for the 
coronavirus.
Source: www.csir.res.in/
ACCURACY
Project analysis slide 11
• Researchers found that the new test had 
96% sensitivity and 98% specificity. 
• The accuracy of a test is based on these 
two proportions. 
Source: www.bbc.com/
HIGH-SPECIFICITY
Project analysis slide 11
• A test that's highly sensitive will detect 
almost everyone who has the disease; 
and a test that has high-specificity will 
correctly rule out almost everyone who 
doesn't have the disease.
• The first ensures not too many false 
negative results; and the second not too 
many false positives.
Source: The Herald
COVID CASES IN INDIA
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• With more than six million confirmed 
infections, India has the world's second-
highest Covid-19 cases. 
• More than 100,000 people in the country 
have died of the disease so far.
Source: Outlook India
COVID TESTS IN INDIA 
Project analysis slide 11
• India is now testing a million samples a 
day in more than 1,200 laboratories 
across the country. It is using two tests.
• The first is the time-tested, gold 
standard polymerase chain reaction, 
or PCR swab tests, which uses 
chemicals to amplify the virus's 
genetic material in the laboratory. 
• The second is the speedy antigen 
test, which works by detecting virus 
fragments in a sample.
Source: New Indian Express
PCR TEST
Project analysis slide 11
• The PCR test is generally reliable and 
costs up to 2,400 rupees. It has low false 
positive and low false negative rates. 
The antigen tests are cheaper. They are 
more precise in detecting positive 
infections, but generate more false 
negatives than the PCR test.
Source: www.csir.res.in/
SAMPLE COLLECTION PROCESS
Project analysis slide 11
• Sample collection for the Feluda test will 
be similar to the PCR test - a nasal swab 
inserted a few inches into the nose to 
check for coronavirus in the back of the 
nasal passage. 
• India still doesn't allow Covid-19 tests 
from saliva samples.
Source: www.csir.res.in/
TECHNOLOGY USED
Project analysis slide 11
• The new Feluda test uses Crispr short 
form for Clustered Regularly Interspaced 
Short Palindromic Repeats or a gene-
editing technology to detect the virus.
Source: bbc.com
Thank You