OPENAI TEXT GENERATING SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY
                     OPENAI TEXT GENERATING 
SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
• ARTIFICIAL intelligence research 
institute OpenAI said it had made 
software so good at generating text 
including fake news articles that it was 
too dangerous to release. 
Source: www.theverge.com/
TEXT GENERATING
• ARTIFICIAL intelligence research institute 
OpenAI said it had made software so good at 
generating text including fake news articles 
that it was too dangerous to release. 
Source: www.theverge.com/
SPREAD FAKE NEWS
• The institute originally announced the 
system, GPT-2, in February this year, but 
withheld the full version of the program out 
of fear it would be used to spread fake news, 
spam, and disinformation.
Source: www.wired.com/
GPT-2
• GPT-2 is part of a new breed of text-generation systems that have impressed experts with 
their ability to generate coherent text from minimal prompts. 
• The system was trained on eight million text documents scraped from the web and responds 
to text snippets supplied by users.
Source: PCMag
APPEARANCE OF INTELLIGENCE
• It’s tricky to convey exactly how good GPT-
2’s output is, but the model frequently 
produces eerily cogent writing that can 
often give the appearance of intelligence.
• Play around with the system long enough, 
though, and its limitations become clear.  
Source: www.theverge.com/
RESPONSIBILITY OF AI RESEARCHERS
• Apart from the raw capabilities of GPT-2, the model’s release is notable as part of an ongoing 
debate about the responsibility of AI researchers to mitigate harm caused by their work. 
• OpenAI limited the release of its model because of this concern.
Source: techxplore.com/
SYNTHETIC PROPAGANDA
•  OpenAI noted that GPT-2 could be misused, 
citing third-party research stating the system 
could help generate synthetic propaganda for 
extreme ideological positions. 
• But it also admitted that its fears that the system 
would be used to pump out a high-volume of 
coherent spam, overwhelming online 
information systems like social media, have not 
yet come to pass.
Source: www.theverge.com/
STANDALONE DETECTION
• The lab also noted that its own researchers had 
created automatic systems that could spot GPT-2’s 
output with 95% accuracy.
• But that this figure was not high enough for 
standalone detection and means any system used 
to automatically spot fake text would need to be 
paired with human judges.
Source: www.theverge.com/
COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC USE
• OpenAI says it will continue to watch how GPT-2 
is used by the community and public, and will 
further develop its policies on the responsible 
publication of AI research.
Source: techxplore.com/
GPT-3
• Access to the GPT-3 API is by invitation only. Among early users are natural language web 
search company Algolia, mental health social network Koko and artificial intelligence chatbot 
companion creator Replika.
Source: Analytics Step