Building The Pyramids.
                     BUILDING THE PYRAMIDS
INTRODUCTION
• One of history's most ancient and unsolved puzzles is the construction of the pyramids. 
• The Great Pyramids of Giza and the other pyramids, over 100 Egyptian pyramids, are 
considered the greatest pieces of human engineering and architecture.
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How were the pyramids built?
• The techniques that were used in the process of constructing the Egyptian pyramids 
have baffled and puzzled many historians and scientists for countless years. 
• Many controversial hypotheses were introduced regarding the construction of the 
pyramids. 
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General Theory
•  The general theory is based on the belief that the huge stones were carved from the 
quarries using copper chisels. Then, these blocks were dragged and lifted into position.
• However, the method regarding the movement and placement of these stones are 
under a great dispute. 
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Another theory
• Another theory suggests that a wooden crane with a counterweight on one end may 
have been used to lift the blocks from one level to the next. 
• This theory has been disputed, since the Egyptians did not have access to trees that 
were strong enough for this type of work.
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Developing pyramid-building 
techniques
• The techniques used to build the Giza pyramids were developed over a period of 
centuries, with all of the problems and setbacks that any modern-day scientist or 
engineer would face.
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Form of the workforce
• The form of the workforce is also under a huge debate. It is believed that the pyramids 
were constructed using slave labor and another theory suggests that the pyramids 
were builds by tens of thousands of free skilled workers that worked for a salary.
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Phases of Building the Pyramids
• The workforce depended on a specific process to build the pyramids perfectly following 
three important steps: choosing the perfect building site, site preparation, and raising 
the blocks.
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Phase1: Choosing the perfect building site 
 
• The first step in building a pyramid was to choose a suitable site. This had to be on the 
west side of the Nile where the Sun would set, considering that Ancient Egyptians 
believed that wherever the sun sets that’s was the portal to the afterlife.
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Phase 2: Preparing the site
• No plans for the construction of the pyramids were ever found, but the construction of 
pyramids was not a haphazard affair and the measurements used were accurate to a 
high degree.
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Phase 3: Raising the blocks
• Sometimes rocky outcrop was used as the core of the pyramid to save the work. The 
inner chambers and passages would have been constructed independently and the 
actual pyramid built around them. 
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